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* indicates new v2.0 neuron type Name Supertype (ID:Family:Type:Subregion) MEC (e)233111 LII-III Pyramidal-Multiform S061706:Glutamatergic II:LI-II:EC Name derivation This name is a hybrid of the two most frequently cited names. All sources indicate medial localization of the morphology. Synonym(s) MEC layer II pyramidal cell neuron MEC layer II pyramidal-like cell MEC layer II pyramidal-like neuron MEC LII multiform neuron List of articles Click here to view the list Canto CB  (2012) Hippocampus Cellular properties of principal neurons in the rat entorhinal cortex. I. The lateral entorhinal cortex. Canto CB, Witter MP. Hippocampus, 2012 Jun, 22 (6), Pages: 1256 - 1276 PMID: 22162008; DOI: 10.1002/hipo.20997 Tags: morphology, membrane biophysics, firing patterns, synapse probabilities Klink R  (1997) Hippocampus Morphological characteristics of layer II projection neurons in the rat medial entorhinal cortex. Klink R, Alonso A. Hippocampus, 1997, 7 (5), Pages: 571 - 583 PMID: 9347353; DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(1997)7:5<571::AID-HIPO12>3.0.CO;2-Y Tags: morphology Quilichini P  (2010) J Neurosci Intrinsic circuit organization and theta-gamma oscillation dynamics in the entorhinal cortex of the rat. Quilichini P, Sirota A, Buzsaki G. J Neurosci, 2010 Aug 18, 30 (33), Pages: 11128 - 11142 PMID: 20720120; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1327-10.2010 Tags: morphology, phases, synapse probabilities Ray S  (2014) Science Grid-layout and theta-modulation of layer 2 pyramidal neurons in medial entorhinal cortex. Ray S, Naumann R, Burgalossi A, Tang Q, Schmidt H, Brecht M. Science, 2014 Feb 21, 343 (6173), Pages: 891 - 896 PMID: 24457213; DOI: 10.1126/science.1243028 Tags: phases Tang Q  (2014) Neuron Pyramidal and stellate cell specificity of grid and border representations in layer 2 of medial entorhinal cortex. Tang Q, Burgalossi A, Ebbesen CL, Ray S, Naumann R, Schmidt H, Spicher D, Brecht M.. Neuron, 2014, Pages: 1191 - 1197 PMID: 25482025 Tags: phases

Morphology

Soma
	EC:II
	EC:III

Axons
	EC:II
	EC:III
	EC:IV
	EC:V
	EC:VI

Dendrites
	EC:I
	EC:II
	EC:III

Representative figure

Morphological characteristics of layer II projection neurons in the rat medial entorhinal cortex. Klink R, Alonso A Hippocampus, 1997, 7 (5), pages: 571 - 583 PMID: 9347353; DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(1997)7:5<571::AID-HIPO12>3.0.CO;2-Y

"FIGURE 7. Layer II [entorhinal cortex] neuron {MEC LII-III Pyramidal-Multiform} exhibiting the typical pyramidal-like morphology. A: Camera lucida reconstruction of cell IIa. Note the thick apical dendrite branching above the border with layer I, the thin basal dendrites arising radially from the soma, and the limited extent of the upper dendritic tree. The axon (arrows) emerges from the base of the soma and branches in layer III. Axon truncated."

Molecular markers

Positive
	None known

Negative
	GABAa\alpha 6 (inference)

Mixed expression
	None known

Electrophysiological properties

	Key: [range] OR representative value±SD (measurements); Number of sources (total measurements): [min , max]
	Resting membrane potential (Vrest): [-70.0, -56.0] mV (2); 1 source
	Input resistance (Rin): 430±121.7 MΩ (37); 1 source
	Time constant (τm): 25±15.2 ms (37); 1 source
	Threshold potential (Vthresh): [8.1, 23.1] mV (2); 1 source
	Fast afterhyperpolaziring potential amplitude (Fast AHP): [3.7, 7.3] mV (2); 1 source
	Action potential amplitude (APampl): 77.5±15.2 mV (37); 1 source
	Action potential width (APwidth): 1.22±0.4 ms (37); 1 source
	Max firing rate (Max F.R.): >25 Hz (1); 1 source
	Slow afterhyperpolarizing potential amplitude (Slow AHP): 4.7 mV (1); 1 source
	Sag ratio: 0.78 (37); 1 source

Notes

This class is excitatory because both citations refer to them as spiny. In addition, C&W are describing principal cells.

Firing Pattern

Images

Parameters		View page
	ASP.	[Evidence] [Firing Pattern]
	NASP	[Evidence] [Firing Pattern]
	RASP.	[Evidence] [Firing Pattern]

Izhikevich Model

Parameters	Single Compartment	Downloads	Simulate
	subtype: 1 k=0.37;a= 0.001;b= -4.08;d= 13;C= 204;Vr= -70.53;Vt= -39.99;Vpeak= 3.96;Vmin= -54.95;	[FitFiles][CSV][XPP][Ensemble]	Simulate
	subtype: 2 k=1.53;a= 0.001;b= 0.01;d= 7;C= 286;Vr= -56.14;Vt= -39.78;Vpeak= 18.27;Vmin= -49.81;	[FitFiles][CSV][XPP][Ensemble]	Simulate

Images

ModelDB Model

Model Accession Number

PubMed ID

Sources of Input

Known sources Excitatory or Inhibitory none known

Potential sources Excitatory or Inhibitory CA2 Pyramidal EC LI-II Multipolar-Pyramidal EC LI-II Pyramidal-Fan MEC LII Oblique Pyramidal MEC LII Stellate MEC LII-III Pyramidal-Multiform EC LII-III Pyramidal-Tripolar MEC LIII Multipolar Principal EC LIII Small Pyramidal MEC LIII Complex Pyramidal MEC LIII Bipolar Complex Pyramidal EC LIII Pyramidal EC LIII Stellate EC LIII-V Bipolar Pyramidal MEC LV Multipolar-Pyramidal MEC LV Pyramidal MEC LV Superficial Pyramidal MEC LI-II Polar Interneuron* EC LII Axo-axonic MEC LII Basket EC LII Basket-Neurogliaform EC LIII Bipolar Interneuron* MEC LIII Multipolar Interneuron MEC LIII Superficial Multipolar Interneuron MEC LI Neurogliaform* EC LII-III Superficial Polymorphic Interneuron* EC LIII Pyramidal-Looking Interneuron MEC LIII Superficial Trilayered Interneuron

Potential sources known to be avoided Excitatory or Inhibitory LEC LIII Multipolar Principal LEC LIII Complex Pyramidal LEC LVI Multipolar-Pyramidal LEC LIII Multipolar Interneuron

Targets of Output

Known targets Excitatory or Inhibitory none known

Potential targets Excitatory or Inhibitory EC LI-II Multipolar-Pyramidal EC LI-II Pyramidal-Fan MEC LII Oblique Pyramidal MEC LII Stellate MEC LII-III Pyramidal-Multiform EC LII-III Pyramidal-Tripolar MEC LIII Multipolar Principal EC LIII Small Pyramidal MEC LIII Complex Pyramidal MEC LIII Bipolar Complex Pyramidal EC LIII Pyramidal EC LIII Stellate EC LIII-V Bipolar Pyramidal EC LIV-V Pyramidal-Horizontal EC LIV-VI Deep Multipolar Principal MEC LV Multipolar-Pyramidal MEC LV Principal* MEC LV Pyramidal EC LV Deep Pyramidal MEC LV Superficial Pyramidal MEC LV-VI Pyramidal-Polymorphic MEC LI-II Polar Interneuron* EC LII Axo-axonic MEC LII Basket EC LII Basket-Neurogliaform EC LIII Bipolar Interneuron* MEC LIII Multipolar Interneuron MEC LIII Superficial Multipolar Interneuron EC LII-III Superficial Polymorphic Interneuron* EC LIII Pyramidal-Looking Interneuron MEC LIII Superficial Trilayered Interneuron

Potential targets known to be avoided Excitatory or Inhibitory LEC LIII Multipolar Principal LEC LIII Complex Pyramidal LEC LVI Multipolar-Pyramidal LEC LIII Multipolar Interneuron

Oscillation Phase Locking

Category	Value
Theta (deg):	166.81
Theta range:	[166.81, 175.31]
Theta measurements:	2
Theta representative selection:	rats, adult, unknown sex, juxtacellular, freely moving
In vivo firing rate (Hz):	2.10
Firing rate range:	[2.10, 2.10]
Firing rate measurements:	1
Firing rate representative selection:	rats, adult, unknown sex, juxtacellular, freely moving