CA1 Trilaminar
* indicates new v2.0 neuron type
Name Supertype (ID:Family:Type:Subregion)
CA1 (i)0113p-Sub_111 Trilaminar S131504:Collateral-related:RO-targeting:CA1

Name derivation
This is the canonical Somogyi cell type. CA1 clarifies the subregion of origin, since the name is otherwise generic.

Synonym(s)
CA1 double projecting cell
CA1 double projection cell
CA1 double-projection cell
CA1 double-projection neuron
CA1 hippocampo-subicular projection cell
CA1 horizontal trilaminar cell
CA1 horizontal trilaminar interneuron
CA1 horizontal trilaminar neuron
CA1 nonpyramidal projection neuron
CA1 oriens retrohippocampal projection cell
CA1 oriens-retrohippocampal cell
CA1 oriens-retrohippocampal nonpyramidal neuron
CA1 oriens-retrohippocampal projection neuron
CA1 septal-projecting GABAergic cell
CA1 TL cell
CA1 trilaminar cell
CA1 trilaminar interneuron

List of articles
Click here to view the list
Acsady L  (1996) Neuroscience
Correlated morphological and neurochemical features identify different subsets of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive interneurons in rat hippocampus.
Acsady L, Arabadzisz D, Freund TF.
Neuroscience, 1996 Jul, 73 (2), Pages: 299 - 315
PMID: 8783251; DOI: 10.1016/0306-4522(95)00610-9
Tags: morphology, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Amaral D  (2007) The Hippocampus Book
Hippocampal Neuroanatomy
Amaral D, Lavenex P.
The Hippocampus Book, 2007, Pages: 35 - 112
ISBN: 9780195100273
Tags: morphology, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Chamberland S  (2010) Front Cell Neurosci
Synapse-specific inhibitory control of hippocampal feedback inhibitory circuit.
Chamberland S, Salesse C, Topolnik D, Topolnik L.
Front Cell Neurosci, 2010, 4, Pages: 130 -
PMID: 21060720; DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2010.00130
Tags: morphology, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Ferraguti F  (2005) J Neurosci
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8-expressing nerve terminals target subsets of GABAergic neurons in the hippocampus.
Ferraguti F, Klausberger T, Cobden P, Baude A, Roberts JD, Szucs P, Kinoshita A, Shigemoto R, Somogyi P, Dalezios Y.
J Neurosci, 2005 Nov 9, 25 (45), Pages: 10520 - 10536
PMID: 16280590; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2547-05.2005
Tags: morphology, marker, connectivity, phases, synapse probabilities
Freund TF  (1996) Hippocampus
Interneurons of the hippocampus.
Freund TF, Buzsaki G.
Hippocampus, 1996, 6 (4), Pages: 347 - 470
PMID: 8915675; DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(1996)6:4<347::AID-HIPO1>3.0.CO;2-I
Tags: morphology, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Jinno S  (2007) J Neurosci
Neuronal diversity in GABAergic long-range projections from the hippocampus.
Jinno S, Klausberger T, Marton LF, Dalezios Y, Roberts JD, Fuentealba P, Bushong EA, Henze D, Buzsaki G, Somogyi P.
J Neurosci, 2007 Aug 15, 27 (33), Pages: 8790 - 8804
PMID: 17699661; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1847-07.2007
Tags: morphology, marker, connectivity, phases, synapse probabilities
Katona L  (2020) Brain Structure and Function
Synaptic Organisation and Behaviour-Dependent Activity of mGluR8a-innervated GABAergic Trilaminar Cells Projecting From the Hippocampus to the Subiculum
Katona L, Hartwich K, Tomioka R, Somogyi J, Roberts JDB, Wagner K, Joshi A, Klausberger T, Rockland KS, Somogyi P.
Brain Structure and Function, 2020, Pages: 705 - 734
PMID: 32016558
Tags: phases
Klausberger T  (2008) Science
Neuronal diversity and temporal dynamics: the unity of hippocampal circuit operations.
Klausberger T, Somogyi P.
Science, 2008 Jul 4, 321 (5885), Pages: 53 - 57
PMID: 18599766; DOI: 10.1126/science.1149381
Tags: morphology, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Klausberger T  (2009) Eur J Neurosci
GABAergic interneurons targeting dendrites of pyramidal cells in the CA1 area of the hippocampus.
Klausberger T.
Eur J Neurosci, 2009 Sep, 30 (6), Pages: 947 - 957
PMID: 19735288; DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2009.06913.x
Tags: morphology, marker, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Losonczy A  (2002) J Physiol
Cell type dependence and variability in the short-term plasticity of EPSCs in identified mouse hippocampal interneurones.
Losonczy A, Zhang L, Shigemoto R, Somogyi P, Nusser Z.
J Physiol, 2002 Jul 1, 542 (Pt 1), Pages: 193 - 210
PMID: 12096061; DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2002.020024
Tags: morphology, marker, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Sik A  (1995) J Neurosci
Hippocampal CA1 interneurons: an in vivo intracellular labeling study.
Sik A, Penttonen M, Ylinen A, Buzsaki G.
J Neurosci, 1995 Oct, 15 (10), Pages: 6651 - 6665
PMID: 7472426
Tags: morphology, marker, membrane biophysics, connectivity, firing patterns, synapse probabilities
Somogyi P  (2005) J Physiol
Defined types of cortical interneurone structure space and spike timing in the hippocampus.
Somogyi P, Klausberger T.
J Physiol, 2005 Jan 1, 562 (Pt 1), Pages: 9 - 26
PMID: 15539390; DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2004.078915
Tags: morphology, marker, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Somogyi P  (2010) Handbook of Brain Microcircuits
Chapter: Hippocampus: Intrinsic organisation
Somogyi P.
Handbook of Brain Microcircuits, 2010, Pages: 148 - 164
ISBN: 9780195389883
Tags: morphology, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Vida I  (2010) Hippocampal Microcircuits: A Computational Modeler's Resource Book
Morphology of Hippocampal Neurons
Vida I.
Hippocampal Microcircuits: A Computational Modeler's Resource Book, 2010, Pages: 27 - 68
ISBN: 9781441909954
Tags: morphology, connectivity, synapse probabilities

List of Hippocampome.org to NeuroMorpho.Org mappings
Click here to view the list of mappings
  • McQuiston
    • 2011-11-17-cell-1 (fits the general description of "CA1 Trilaminar" or "CA1 Oriens-Bistratified" based on the distribution of dendrites and being Mus2R+)

    • Morphology
    Soma
    CA1:SR
    CA1:SP
    CA1:SO
    Axons
    CA1:SR
    CA1:SP
    CA1:SO
    SUB:SM
    SUB:SP
    SUB:PL
    Dendrites
    CA1:SO

    Representative figure
    Hippocampal CA1 interneurons: an in vivo intracellular labeling study.
    Sik A, Penttonen M, Ylinen A, Buzsaki G
    J Neurosci, 1995 Oct, 15 (10), pages: 6651 - 6665
    PMID: 7472426;


    "Figure 7. Trilaminar interneuron {CA1 Trilaminar} (M96). A, Reconstruction of the axon collaterals and dendrites of the interneuron. Axon collaterals from all sections were collapsed into a two-dimensional display. o, stratum oriens; p, CA1 pyramidal layer; r, stratum radiatum; j hippocampal fissure. Some collaterals falsely appear in the stratum lacunosum-moleculare because of the two-dimensional projection of curving layer boundaries."


    Molecular markers
    Positive
    AR-beta1 (inference)
    CoupTF II
    Mus2R
    SOM
    Negative
    5HT-3 (confirmed by inference)
    AR-beta2 (inference)
    CB1 (multiple confirming inferences)
    CCK (confirmed by inference)
    CR (confirmed by inference)
    ENK (confirmed by inference)
    ErbB4 (multiple confirming inferences)
    GABAa\alpha 6 (inference)
    MOR (multiple confirming inferences)
    nNOS
    NPY
    PV (confirmed by inference)
    Sub P Rec
    vGluT3 (confirmed by inference)
    VIP
    Mixed expression
    CB (subtypes)
    mGluR1 (subtypes)
    mGluR1a (subtypes)

    Electrophysiological properties
    Key: [range] OR representative value±SD (measurements); Number of sources (total measurements): [min , max]

    Resting membrane potential (Vrest): -64±7 mV (23); 1 source
    Input resistance (Rin): 216±124 MΩ (23); 1 source
    Time constant (τm): 46±18 ms (23); 1 source
    Threshold potential (Vthresh): 27 mV (1); 2 sources (2): [17.8 , 27]
    Fast afterhyperpolaziring potential amplitude (Fast AHP): 22±3 mV (23); 2 sources (24): [12.8 , 22]
    Action potential amplitude (APampl): 61±7 mV (23); 2 sources (24): [46 , 61]
    Action potential width (APwidth): 0.77±0.12 ms (23); 1 source
    Max firing rate (Max F.R.): >130 Hz (1); 1 source
    Slow afterhyperpolarizing potential amplitude (Slow AHP): 4.7 mV (1); 2 sources (2): [3 , 4.7]
    Sag ratio: 0.79 (1); 2 sources (2): [0.59 , 0.79]

    Notes
    Merger approved between four classes: CA1 0113 ORP, CA1 0113 DP, CA1 0113 trilaminar horizontal, CA1 0113 O-R Projection to SUB - the ORP-DP-trilaminar horizontal cell type has been approved with [A:SUB:SM_SP_PL] (horiz trilaminar cells match this; ORP cells have clear axons in SUB:SM_SP and borderline axons in PL; DP cell axons could not be followed to terminals so could not be traced further than SUB:SP). The O-R 0113 cell type has clear axons in SUB:SP_PL, and Losonczy admits that the axons may have been severely truncated. Septal projection - potential for subclasses. DP cells project into the septal area and ORP cells do not. Unknown for trilaminar-horizontal and O-R. Targets - according to Somogyi (2010), up to half of the postsynaptic targets of trilaminar (horizontal) cells are other interneurons. Possible potential for subclasses.

    Firing Pattern
    Images
    Image MissingImage MissingImage Missing
    Parameters View page
    ASP. [Evidence] [Firing Pattern]
    ASP.SLN [Evidence] [Firing Pattern]
    NASP [Evidence] [Firing Pattern]

    Izhikevich Model
    Parameters Single Compartment Downloads Simulate
    subtype: 1 k=0.16;a= 0.004;b= 2.72;d= -3;C= 38;Vr= -60.94;Vt= -46.19;Vpeak= -0.92;Vmin= -55.34; Simulate
    subtype: 2 k=0.52;a= 0.002;b= 42.24;d= -19;C= 205;Vr= -64.64;Vt= -56.25;Vpeak= 0.17;Vmin= -60.62; Simulate
    Images
    Image MissingImage Missing
    ModelDB Model
    Model Accession Number PubMed ID

    Sources of Input
    Known sources
    Excitatory or Inhibitory
    CA1 Trilaminar

    Potential sources
    Excitatory or Inhibitory
    CA3 Pyramidal
    CA3c Pyramidal
    CA3 Trilaminar
    CA2 Pyramidal
    CA2 Bistratified
    CA1 Pyramidal
    CA1 Deep Pyramidal
    CA1 Superficial Pyramidal
    CA1 Radiatum Giant
    CA1 Back-Projection
    CA1 Bistratified
    CA1 Hippocampo-subicular Projecting ENK+
    CA1 Ivy
    CA1 Interneuron Specific LMO-O
    CA1 Interneuron Specific LMR-O*
    CA1 Recurrent O-LM
    CA1 Recurrent O-LMR*
    CA1 Interneuron Specific O-Targeting QuadD
    CA1 Oriens/Alveus
    CA1 Oriens-Bistratified
    CA1 Oriens-QuadA Projecting
    CA1 O-RPO*
    CA1 Quadrilaminar
    CA1 Interneuron Specific R-O
    CA1 R-RO*
    CA1 Interneuron Specific RO-O
    CA1 RP-RPO*
    CA1 Schaffer Collateral-Associated
    CA1 Schaffer Collateral-Correlated*
    CA1 SO-SO
    CA1 SO-SO Projecting*
    CA1 Radial Trilaminar
    EC LIII Small Pyramidal
    EC LIII Pyramidal

    Potential sources known to be avoided
    Excitatory or Inhibitory
    none known

    Targets of Output
    Known targets
    Excitatory or Inhibitory
    CA1 Pyramidal
    CA1 Trilaminar

    Potential targets
    Excitatory or Inhibitory
    CA2 Wide-Arbor Basket
    CA1 Deep Pyramidal
    CA1 Superficial Pyramidal
    CA1 Radiatum Giant
    CA1 Axo-axonic
    CA1 Horizontal Axo-axonic
    CA1 Back-Projection
    CA1 Basket
    CA1 Horizontal Basket
    CA1 R-P Basket*
    CA1 Trilayer Basket*
    CA1 Vertical Basket*
    CA1 Basket CCK+
    CA1 Horizontal Basket CCK+*
    CA1 Trilayer Basket CCK+*
    CA1 Bistratified
    CA1 RO-receiving CA3-targeting*
    CA1 Hippocampo-subicular Projecting ENK+
    CA1 Ivy
    CA1 Interneuron Specific LMO-O
    CA1 LMR
    CA1 LMR-LM*
    CA1 Interneuron Specific LMR-O*
    CA1 LMR-R*
    CA1 Interneuron Specific LMR-R
    CA1 LMR Projecting
    CA1 O-LM
    CA1 Recurrent O-LM
    CA1 O-LMR
    CA1 Recurrent O-LMR*
    CA1 Interneuron Specific O-R
    CA1 O-RP*
    CA1 Interneuron Specific O-Targeting QuadD
    CA1 Oriens/Alveus
    CA1 Oriens-Bistratified
    CA1 Oriens-QuadA Projecting
    CA1 OR-LM
    CA1 O-RPO*
    CA1 Perforant Path-Associated
    CA1 Perforant Path-Associated QuadD
    CA1 QuadD-RP*
    CA1 Quadrilaminar
    CA1 Interneuron Specific R-O
    CA1 R-Receiving Apical-Targeting
    CA1 R-RO*
    CA1 R-RP*
    CA1 Radiatum
    CA1 Interneuron Specific RO-O
    CA1 Interneuron Specific RO-R*
    CA1 RO-RP*
    CA1 RP-RPO*
    CA1 Schaffer Collateral-Associated
    CA1 Schaffer Collateral-Correlated*
    CA1 Schaffer Collateral-Receiving R-Targeting
    CA1 SO-SO
    CA1 SO-SO Projecting*
    CA1 Radial Trilaminar
    Sub CA1-Projecting Pyramidal
    Sub EC-Projecting Pyramidal
    Sub Axo-axonic
    Sub Pyramidale Multipolar Interneuron*
    Sub Wide-arbor Polymorphic*
    Sub Recurrent Polymorphic-Moleculare*

    Potential targets known to be avoided
    Excitatory or Inhibitory
    none known

    Oscillation Phase Locking
    Category
    Value
    Theta (deg):264.00
    Theta range:[264.00, 264.00]
    Theta measurements:1
    Theta representative selection:   rats, adult, male,
    juxtacellular, freely moving
    SWR ratio:431.00
    SWR ratio range:[431.00, 690.00]
    SWR ratio measurements:2
    SWR ratio representative selection:   rats, adult, unknown sex,
    juxtacellular, urethane plus supplemental doses of ketamine and xylazine
    In vivo firing rate (Hz):19.00
    Firing rate range:[19.00, 19.00]
    Firing rate measurements:1
    Firing rate representative selection:   rats, adult, male,
    juxtacellular, freely moving
    Other:ripple and 3 others
    Other representative selection:   rats, adult, unknown sex,
    juxtacellular, urethane plus supplemental doses of ketamine and xylazine