CA1 LMR
* indicates new v2.0 neuron type
Name Supertype (ID:Family:Type:Subregion)
CA1 (i)3300 LMR S101304:Ivy/Neurogliaform Family:Ivy/Neurogliaform:CA1

Name derivation
This name describes the multilayered axons and dendrites that occupy both occupy SLM and SR. There are no hyphens to avoid any confusion with "O-LM"-like names. CA1 clarifies the subregion of origin, since the name is otherwise generic.

Synonym(s)
CA1 L-M interneuron
CA1 lacunosum-moleculare interneuron
CA1 LM interneuron
CA1 neurogliaform cell
CA1 neurogliaform interneuron
CA1 NG cell
CA1 R-LM cell
CA1 R-LM interneuron

List of articles
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Ascoli GA  (2009) J Comp Neurol
Quantitative morphometry of electrophysiologically identified CA3b interneurons reveals robust local geometry and distinct cell classes.
Ascoli GA, Brown KM, Calixto E, Card JP, Galvan EJ, Perez-Rosello T, Barrionuevo G.
J Comp Neurol, 2009 Aug 20, 515 (6), Pages: 677 - 695
PMID: 19496174; DOI: 10.1002/cne.22082
Tags: morphology
Freund TF  (1996) Hippocampus
Interneurons of the hippocampus.
Freund TF, Buzsaki G.
Hippocampus, 1996, 6 (4), Pages: 347 - 470
PMID: 8915675; DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(1996)6:4<347::AID-HIPO1>3.0.CO;2-I
Tags: morphology, marker, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Khazipov R  (1995) J Neurophysiol
Hippocampal CA1 lacunosum-moleculare interneurons: modulation of monosynaptic GABAergic IPSCs by presynaptic GABAB receptors.
Khazipov R, Congar P, Ben-Ari Y.
J Neurophysiol, 1995 Nov, 74 (5), Pages: 2126 - 2137
PMID: 8592201
Tags: morphology
Kunkel DD  (1988) Synapse
Ultrastructure of stratum lacunosum-moleculare interneurons of hippocampal CA1 region.
Kunkel DD, Lacaille JC, Schwartzkroin PA.
Synapse, 1988, 2 (4), Pages: 382 - 394
PMID: 3187908; DOI: 10.1002/syn.890020405
Tags: morphology, connectivity
Lacaille JC  (1988) J Neurosci
Stratum lacunosum-moleculare interneurons of hippocampal CA1 region. I. Intracellular response characteristics, synaptic responses, and morphology.
Lacaille JC, Schwartzkroin PA.
J Neurosci, 1988 Apr, 8 (4), Pages: 1400 - 1410
PMID: 3357023
Tags: morphology
Somogyi P  (2005) J Physiol
Defined types of cortical interneurone structure space and spike timing in the hippocampus.
Somogyi P, Klausberger T.
J Physiol, 2005 Jan 1, 562 (Pt 1), Pages: 9 - 26
PMID: 15539390; DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2004.078915
Tags: morphology, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Vida I  (1998) J Physiol
Unitary IPSPs evoked by interneurons at the stratum radiatum-stratum lacunosum-moleculare border in the CA1 area of the rat hippocampus in vitro.
Vida I, Halasy K, Szinyei C, Somogyi P, Buhl EH.
J Physiol, 1998 Feb 1, 506 ( Pt 3), Pages: 755 - 773
PMID: 9503336; DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.755bv.x
Tags: morphology, membrane biophysics, connectivity, firing patterns, synapse probabilities
Vida I  (2010) Hippocampal Microcircuits: A Computational Modeler's Resource Book
Morphology of Hippocampal Neurons
Vida I.
Hippocampal Microcircuits: A Computational Modeler's Resource Book, 2010, Pages: 27 - 68
ISBN: 9781441909954
Tags: morphology, marker, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Williams S  (1994) J Neurophysiol
Membrane properties and synaptic responses of interneurons located near the stratum lacunosum-moleculare/radiatum border of area CA1 in whole-cell recordings from rat hippocampal slices.
Williams S, Samulack DD, Beaulieu C, LaCaille JC.
J Neurophysiol, 1994 Jun, 71 (6), Pages: 2217 - 2235
PMID: 7931512
Tags: morphology, membrane biophysics, firing patterns

Supplemental PMIDs
Click here to view the list of PMIDs

List of Hippocampome.org to NeuroMorpho.Org mappings
Click here to view the list of mappings
  • McBain

    • Morphology
    Soma
    CA1:SLM
    CA1:SR
    Axons
    CA1:SLM
    CA1:SR
    Dendrites
    CA1:SLM
    CA1:SR

    Representative figure
    Unitary IPSPs evoked by interneurons at the stratum radiatum-stratum lacunosum-moleculare border in the CA1 area of the rat hippocampus in vitro.
    Vida I, Halasy K, Szinyei C, Somogyi P, Buhl EH
    J Physiol, 1998 Feb 1, 506 ( Pt 3) pages: 755 - 773
    PMID: 9503336; DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.755bv.x


    "Figure 6. Anatomy and postsynaptic effect of a neurogliaform interneuron {CA1 LMR} at the stratum radiatumÑstratum lacunosum-moleculare border [in CA1] A, light microscopic reconstruction of the interneuron (soma and dendrites in red, axon in black, main axon denoted by arrow)."


    Molecular markers
    Positive
    CCK
    CoupTF II
    mGluR1a (inference)
    NPY
    SOM (confirmed by inference)
    VIP
    Negative
    5HT-3 (confirmed by inference)
    AR-beta1 (multiple confirming inferences)
    AR-beta2 (multiple confirming inferences)
    CB (multiple confirming inferences)
    CB1
    CR (confirmed by inference)
    ENK (confirmed by inference)
    ErbB4 (multiple confirming inferences)
    GABAa\alpha 6 (inference)
    Gaba-a-alpha (multiple confirming inferences)
    MOR (multiple confirming inferences)
    PV (confirmed by inference)
    RLN
    vGluT3 (confirmed by inference)
    Mixed expression
    nNOS (species/protocol differences)

    Electrophysiological properties
    Key: [range] OR representative value±SD (measurements); Number of sources (total measurements): [min , max]

    Resting membrane potential (Vrest): -53.1±4 mV (48); 3 sources (51): [-65.9 , -53.1]
    Input resistance (Rin): 352±107 MΩ (49); 3 sources (52): [74.7 , 352]
    Time constant (τm): 32.9±12.7 ms (11); 3 sources (14): [6.5 , 32.9]
    Threshold potential (Vthresh): 36.9 mV (1); 3 sources (3): [13.2 , 36.9]
    Fast afterhyperpolaziring potential amplitude (Fast AHP): 19.5 mV (1); 3 sources (4): [10.8 , 21.5]
    Action potential amplitude (APampl): 86.9±11 mV (49); 3 sources (52): [59.9 , 86.9]
    Action potential width (APwidth): 0.8 ms (1); 3 sources (4): [0.8 , 1.3]
    Slow afterhyperpolarizing potential amplitude (Slow AHP): 0.2 mV (1); 2 sources (2): [0.2 , 3.9]
    Sag ratio: 0.92±0.11 (15); 2 sources (16): [0.92 , 0.99]


    Firing Pattern
    Images
    Image MissingImage Missing
    Parameters View page
    ASP. [Evidence] [Firing Pattern]

    Izhikevich Model
    Parameters Single Compartment Downloads Simulate
    subtype: 1 k=0.65;a= 0.003;b= -12.12;d= 11;C= 40;Vr= -53.95;Vt= -43.83;Vpeak= 25.2;Vmin= -54.05; Simulate
    subtype: 2 k=3.27;a= 0.003;b= 14.47;d= 19;C= 138;Vr= -53.17;Vt= -36.07;Vpeak= 7.66;Vmin= -46.22; Simulate
    Images
    Image MissingImage Missing
    ModelDB Model
    Model Accession Number PubMed ID

    Sources of Input
    Known sources
    Excitatory or Inhibitory
    CA3 Pyramidal
    CA3c Pyramidal
    EC LIII Small Pyramidal
    EC LIII Pyramidal

    Potential sources
    Excitatory or Inhibitory
    DG Local-Projecting Cajal-Retzius*
    CA3c Umbrella Pyramidal*
    CA3 Trilaminar
    CA2 Pyramidal
    CA2 Bistratified
    CA1 Cajal-Retzius
    CA1 Local-Projecting Cajal-Retzius*
    CA1 Back-Projection
    CA1 Bistratified
    CA1 Hippocampo-subicular Projecting ENK+
    CA1 Ivy
    CA1 Interneuron Specific LM-R
    CA1 LMR
    CA1 LMR-LM*
    CA1 LMR-R*
    CA1 Interneuron Specific LMR-R
    CA1 LMR Projecting
    CA1 Neurogliaform
    CA1 Neurogliaform Projecting
    CA1 O-LM
    CA1 Recurrent O-LM
    CA1 O-LMR
    CA1 Recurrent O-LMR*
    CA1 Interneuron Specific O-R
    CA1 O-RP*
    CA1 Oriens-Bistratified
    CA1 Oriens-QuadA Projecting
    CA1 OR-LM
    CA1 O-RPO*
    CA1 Perforant Path-Associated
    CA1 Perforant Path-Associated QuadD
    CA1 QuadD-RP*
    CA1 Quadrilaminar
    CA1 R-Receiving Apical-Targeting
    CA1 R-RO*
    CA1 R-RP*
    CA1 Radiatum
    CA1 Interneuron Specific RO-R*
    CA1 RO-RP*
    CA1 RP-RPO*
    CA1 Schaffer Collateral-Associated
    CA1 Schaffer Collateral-Correlated*
    CA1 Schaffer Collateral-Receiving R-Targeting
    CA1 Trilaminar
    CA1 Radial Trilaminar
    Sub CA1-Projecting Pyramidal

    Potential sources known to be avoided
    Excitatory or Inhibitory
    none known

    Targets of Output
    Known targets
    Excitatory or Inhibitory
    CA1 Pyramidal

    Potential targets
    Excitatory or Inhibitory
    CA1 Deep Pyramidal
    CA1 Superficial Pyramidal
    CA1 Cajal-Retzius
    CA1 Local-Projecting Cajal-Retzius*
    CA1 Radiatum Giant
    CA1 Axo-axonic
    CA1 Basket
    CA1 R-P Basket*
    CA1 Trilayer Basket*
    CA1 Vertical Basket*
    CA1 Basket CCK+
    CA1 Trilayer Basket CCK+*
    CA1 Bistratified
    CA1 RO-receiving CA3-targeting*
    CA1 Hippocampo-subicular Projecting ENK+
    CA1 Ivy
    CA1 Interneuron Specific LM-R
    CA1 Interneuron Specific LMO-O
    CA1 LMR
    CA1 LMR-LM*
    CA1 Interneuron Specific LMR-O*
    CA1 LMR-R*
    CA1 Interneuron Specific LMR-R
    CA1 LMR Projecting
    CA1 Neurogliaform
    CA1 Neurogliaform Projecting
    CA1 Interneuron Specific O-Targeting QuadD
    CA1 Oriens/Alveus
    CA1 OR-LM
    CA1 Perforant Path-Associated
    CA1 Perforant Path-Associated QuadD
    CA1 QuadD-RP*
    CA1 Quadrilaminar
    CA1 Interneuron Specific R-O
    CA1 R-Receiving Apical-Targeting
    CA1 R-RO*
    CA1 R-RP*
    CA1 Radiatum
    CA1 Interneuron Specific RO-O
    CA1 Interneuron Specific RO-R*
    CA1 RO-RP*
    CA1 RP-RPO*
    CA1 Schaffer Collateral-Associated
    CA1 Schaffer Collateral-Correlated*
    CA1 Schaffer Collateral-Receiving R-Targeting
    CA1 Radial Trilaminar

    Potential targets known to be avoided
    Excitatory or Inhibitory
    none known

    Oscillation Phase Locking
    Category
    Value