DG Basket GRALDEN*
* indicates new v2.0 neuron type
Name Supertype (ID:Family:Type:Subregion)
DG (i)2210 Basket GRALDEN* S110701:Perisomatic-targeting:Basket:DG

Name derivation
DG distinguishes these cells from basket cells in other subregions. This variant of the standard Basket has "GRAnular Layer DENdrites."

Synonym(s)
DG basket cell
DG PV+ fast-spiking basket cells

List of articles
Click here to view the list
Markwardt SJ  (2011) Nat Neurosci
Ivy/neurogliaform interneurons coordinate activity in the neurogenic niche.
Markwardt SJ, Dieni CV, Wadiche JI, Overstreet-Wadiche L.
Nat Neurosci, 2011 Nov, 14 (11), Pages: 1407 - 1409
PMID: 21983681; DOI: 10.1038/nn.2935
Tags: morphology, membrane biophysics, connectivity, synapse probabilities
Vaden RJ  (2020) Elife
Parvalbumin interneurons provide spillover to newborn and mature dentate granule cells
Vaden RJ, Gonzalez JC, Tsai MC, Niver AJ, Fusilier AR, Griffith CM, Kramer RH, Wadiche JI, Overstreet-Wadiche L.
Elife, 2020, 9, Pages: -
PMID: 32602839; DOI: 10.7554/eLife.54125
Tags: morphology, marker, membrane biophysics


Morphology
Soma
DG:SMi
DG:SG
Axons
DG:SG
Dendrites
DG:SMo
DG:SMi

Representative figure
Parvalbumin interneurons provide spillover to newborn and mature dentate granule cells
Vaden RJ, Gonzalez JC, Tsai MC, Niver AJ, Fusilier AR, Griffith CM, Kramer RH, Wadiche JI, Overstreet-Wadiche L
Elife, 2020, 9 pages: -
PMID: 32602839; DOI: 10.7554/eLife.54125


"Figure 4-figure supplement 3 PVs have basket cell morphology. Reconstructions of recovered PVs from PV-tdT and PV-ChR2 mice showing axonal targeting of the granule cell layer (GCL). The edges of the GCL across all z-levels are indicated by dotted lines. Soma and dendrites in black, axon in red. Insets below show spiking pattern at threshold and 2x threshold current injection."


Molecular markers
Positive
Gaba-a-alpha (inference)
PV
Negative
5HT-3 (inference)
AR-beta1 (multiple confirming inferences)
AR-beta2 (multiple confirming inferences)
CB (multiple confirming inferences)
CB1 (multiple confirming inferences)
CCK (multiple confirming inferences)
CGRP (inference)
CR (multiple confirming inferences)
GABAa\alpha 6 (inference)
mGluR1a (inference)
SOM (multiple confirming inferences)
vGluT3 (inference)
VIP (multiple confirming inferences)
Mixed expression
None known

Electrophysiological properties
Key: [range] OR representative value±SD (measurements); Number of sources (total measurements): [min , max]

Action potential width (APwidth): 0.14±0.01 ms (38); 2 sources (39): [0.14 , 0.67]
Input resistance (Rin): 103±6 MΩ (38); 1 source
Max firing rate (Max F.R.): 268±9 Hz (38); 1 source

Notes

DG (i)2210 Basket with GRAnule-Like DENdrites (BC GRALDEN) cells [1063]

Related types: DG (i)2232 Basket (v1.0 active)
DG (i)2232 Basket CCK+ (v1.0 active)
DG (i)2210 TML-Axo-axonic (v2.0 active)

Notes: This is a merger proposal between the on-hold cells from Markwardt and the new cells from Vaden. These cells have no dendrites in DG:SG_H, which distinguishes them from the v1.0 neuron types. These cells are stated by the authors to be basket cells, and the axons do not have the typical chandelier look, which distinguishes them from the TML-AA type.

Markwardt: high-freq firing. FP present. APwidth.

cell on pg. 4: cell on pg. 6:
length 2,493 μm D length 3,136 μm
partial A length 3,320 μm A length 12,600 μm

Vaden: FP present. PV+. APwidth. APampl. fAHP.

Based on the morphology and synonym for the DG Total Molecular Layer cell, Iâ??m confused on the usage of the nomenclature for this proposed neuron type for v2.0. These cells do not have axons in either molecular layer nor do they diffusely spread across both molecular layers as exemplified by the DG TML cell type. Based on the provided packet, I am in agreement with the A-D pattern and calling this cell type a basket cell. However Iâ??d like to better understand why the total molecular layer prefix has been appended â?? can you elaborate on why you had included this prefix for the cell type? - JDK 10/13/2021

You have struck upon one of the more difficult aspect of typing cells, which is what we should name them. I was trying to distinguish them from the canonical 2232 patterning for Basket cells. If you have any ideas for what to call this newly active type, I am all ears. In DG, acronyms are very common, such as HIPP, MOPP, HICAP, etc. - DWW 10/13/2021

Perhaps we could create an acronym for the neuron type based on somata location? Possible names could be MOG (MOlecular Granule) Basket or SMOG (Stratum MOleculare Granule) Basket. From what I gather, nomenclature when using acronyms usually focuses on the use of axon or dendrite location, but no acronyms I could think of were making sense to me (I was thinking of incorporating the evidence that the hilus does not have dendrites or axons into a possible acronym). Let me know what you think. - JDK 10/14/2021

Since we already have a formal neuron type called Mossy MOLDEN, because of its MOlecular Layer DENdrites, we could call them MOLDEN Basket or Basket MOLDEN. - DWW 10/14/2021

DG Basket cells also have dendrites within the molecular layer, so Iâ??m not certain if that is the most apt way to distinguish this new type. I like it better though than the MOG or SMOG naming. What do you think of HILDEN Basket, HIlus Lacking DENdrites Basket? - JDK 10/14/2021

I have not been able to contrive any other acronyms, so I propose we move forward with HILDEN Basket and await GAAâ??s input on this matter. - DWW 10/15/2021
I would like to propose a name change for the DG HILus lacking DENdrites (HILDEN) Basket cells. Similar to DG Mossy MOLDEN, I prefer the name DG Basket with MOLecular layer DENdrites. - DWW 12/01/2021

I am okay with this name change, although I still favor HILDEN as a means of distinguishing from the canonical basket type in this region, as it also has molecular layer dendrites. - JDK 12/02/2021

My hesitation with HILDEN is that it emphasizes what is lacking, as opposed to all other adjectives used so far, which emphasize what is present. - DWW 12/02/2021

Understood. Then let's go with MOLDEN. - JDK 12/02/2021

Type approved. Name alternative proposal: BC-GraLDen (granule-like dendrites). Reasoning: MolDen sounds nice but I agree that regular DG basket also have dendrites in molecular layer, so the logic doesnâ??t parallel that of Mossy MolDen. I also dislike HiLDen because it emphasizes what is missing. In areas CA3-CA1, regular baskets (as opposed to horizontal) are sometimes referred to as having pyramidal-like dendrites, hence the idea of granule-like dendrites here. - GAA 01/19/2022

I think the reasoning for the new name is sound. - DWW 01/20/2022
I concur that the reasoning is sound and support the new name of GC-GraLDen for the proposed v2.0 neuron type. - JDK 01/20/2022

Firing Pattern
Images
No image is associated with this neuron
Parameters
No parameter associated with this neuron
ModelDB Model
Model Accession Number PubMed ID

Sources of Input
Known sources
Excitatory or Inhibitory
none known

Potential sources
Excitatory or Inhibitory
DG Semilunar Granule
DG Cajal-Retzius*
DG Local-Projecting Cajal-Retzius*
DG Mossy
DG Mossy MOLDEN
DG AIPRIM
DG Interneuron Specific COLTAR*
DG COM-MOPP*
DG HICAP
DG Interneuron Specific IMOT*
DG HIPP
DG Recurrent HIPP*
DG HIPP-CAP*
DG Recurrent HIPP-CAP*
DG HIPROM
DG Ivy*
DG MOCAP
DG MOLAX
DG Molecular Layer*
DG Outer Molecular Layer
DG Total Molecular Layer
DG MOPP
DG Neurogliaform
DG Wide-Arbor Neurogliaform*
CA3c Pyramidal
CA3 Spiny Lucidum
CA3 Perforant Path-Associated Projecting*
CA1 Local-Projecting Cajal-Retzius*
CA1 LMR Projecting
CA1 Neurogliaform Projecting
CA1 Perforant Path-Associated
EC LI-II Pyramidal-Fan
MEC LII Stellate
EC LII-III Pyramidal-Tripolar
EC LIV-V Pyramidal-Horizontal
MEC LV Pyramidal

Potential sources known to be avoided
Excitatory or Inhibitory
DG Axo-axonic
DG Axo-axonic GRALDEN*

Targets of Output
Known targets
Excitatory or Inhibitory
none known

Potential targets
Excitatory or Inhibitory
DG Mossy MOLDEN
DG AIPRIM
DG Axo-axonic
DG Granulosum-targeting Axo-axonic*
DG Basket
DG Basket CCK+
DG HICAP
DG Interneuron Specific IMOT*
DG HIPROM
DG Ivy*
DG MOCAP
DG Outer Molecular Layer

Potential targets known to be avoided
Excitatory or Inhibitory
none known

Oscillation Phase Locking
Category
Value